Daraleœ
The Daraleœ are nomads who live in the desert
above the Tšal cliffs. Their language is akin the the Khoisan languages of
southern Africa.
The Daraleœ consonants are:
Bialbial Dental alveolar
pal-alv/pal velar uvular glottal
Stop p b t d - - - - k g q
G
/
Nasal m n -
- - ŋ ²
Fricative f
v - - s z š ž - - - h
Lateral - - l l - - - -
L.F. - - - - - L
Click ‡ Ž —
œ
Implosive º ë - × © -
Approximant - r - - -
Vowels:
Semivowels:
j w
Morphology
The Daraleœ language is a simple agglutinative language with a very limited lexicon, as they do not have much variation in their lives. Their cases and usages are as follows:
Case
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
Absolutive
(intransitive subject; transitive object)
|
-
|
-(a)s
|
Genitive
|
-el
|
-(a)sel
|
Ergative
(transitive subject)
|
-at
|
-(a)sat
|
Comitative
(Instrument)
|
-ūl
|
-(a)sūl
|
Locative
(place where/to/from/at)
|
-eh
|
-(a)she
|
Essive
(function preformed)
|
-ēš
|
-(a)sēš
|
Allative
|
-e?e
|
-(a)se?e
|
Vocative
|
-åd
|
-(a)såd
|
Terminative
|
-!ī
|
-(a)s!ī
|
Daralec verbs are extremely
simple. Just past, present, future, (im)perfective.
|
Person |
Singular |
Plural |
|
1st
|
-ai |
-oni |
|
2nd |
-(e)q |
-åL |
|
3rd |
-(a)dif |
-ãŋ |
|
Past -amek- |
Subjunctive
(if): -aša- |
Present
Participle: -ãja- |
|
Future -ipam- |
Causative:
-ŋV-(takes
the tense vowel and no tense infix) |
Past
Participle: -ẽjë- |
|
Imperfective -gil- |
Perfective -kir- |
Future
Patticiple: -ĩji- |
The
subjunctive is usually only used when refering to god. There is no infinitive[1].
Examples:
danqal ilī for.
<good thou ?>
How are you?
horl-kir-amik-eq ilī mukal for.
<hunt-perf-past-2nd-sg thou mukal-Abs. ?>
Did you hunt the mukal?
aša ‡anasti for.
<Subjun. God ?>
If God is willing.
/horl-ŋe-eq mukal ganalūl for/
<hunt(caus-past-2nd-sg) mukal(Abs) they(Com.) ?>
Who did you send to hunt
the mukal?
Syntax
Lexicon
Nouns are
in their nominative singular form, and verbs are in their 1st person
sg present.
There is no
to be. Sentences which would use it in English simply have no verb. The
language does not use imperatives. Relative clauses are separate sentences.
Adjectives agree with their nouns in case and number. Verb stems act as
paticiples, adding the noun affixes to them. The sentence order is usually
VSO?,? standing for for, which indicates a question.
(h)a-buzzard
alån/or -a small squat, green plant w/small yellow flowers. C.20cm
tall.
ašfãn- a large coniferous tree about 2m in height,
with flaky bark; the branches curl upwards almost like a snake. Grows on the
edges of the Daraleœ desert.
ãzogo-a desert version of the Great Cats of Earth, inhabits the Daraleœ Desert
åŋãtå-fox
basadanai-sleep
danqal-good (adj)
daraleœ-the Daraleœ’s name for themselves.
daršan-plateau
ìivu-boar
ē-wolf
embuvu-horse
ešumbi-crow
fãnondãja-jumping
for-used to indicate a question
ganal, (pl.) ganalas-he, she, it, they
gåni-lizard
han, (pl.) hanas-I, we (rarely used)
horlai-hunt
ilī, (pl.) ilīs-thou, you
imbãnqå-caribou
is-prefix ‘great’(used in epithets)
janastai-walk
jizaŋga-harrier
œaserfuolai-see
œka-spear
‡anasti-the Daraleœ’s god. They are a monothiestic people, and do
not sacrifice.
‡ãntåsa-coyote
karnalest -a stone ampitheater, common in the
badlands of the Daraleœ Desert
laqãmãja-gliding
mãlempi-buffalo
mbinqusãja-drinking
mukál -a small desert rodent
ndikå‡å-eagle
ndožãnda-ferret
ntãvequ-lion
ŋkusa-mouse
ŋgingundu-cougar
ŋgãfedå- wolverine-like creature of the mountains
ngåsivu-wren
ngampå-beaver
ngo-bison
nguvãvãno-dog
o‡aŋembu-hare
orēodon-an orēodont adapted to desert
life, used as a pack animal when tamed, and also hunted {?related to Salanja orēodont?}
otondofo-deer
ongãbe/u-moose (Egitic)
qãgãmbå-leaping
sanaœ-hello (greeting)
sanaœaœī-goodbye (the ending is actually the
Terminative, but the /!/ has been replaced
by the /œ/ due to the latter's prescence in the previous
syllable.)
saŋkol-and
uhãnqã-kestrel
unanquke-heron
upazã-cormorant
untuhe-a burrowing creature of the
desert not unlike the vole
wa/asuleg-the desolation of being in the
badlands completely alone
wuguŋkolu-goat
žãvãmbå-hawk
žåwomompå-falcon
žēœånai-live
aŋkåLa-diving
/ånga-bear
(is-)hågãju (great) condor
floating sezov-ãja
šavã/e-kingfisher
mpusåd-ãja-limping
ižåbåsa-mule
nqaLuzã- a muskrat-sized creature, but built more along the lines of a desert kangaroo
osprey tobombi
otter /åqivã
owl umpånqe
ox ŋkagi
panther duta
petrel nduwã
porcupine nqushãnte
possum bašundã
pouncing Lanuša
pronghorn požalã
puma ngåndeli
racoon mpesåzu
raven ugãŋa
running aŋgani
sandpiper ŋãdå
scampering qãšunqã
scouting båtåma
skunk amponqe
soaring šãžu
sparrow ntåŋginqã
sparrowhawk o
springing uŋkedetå
sprinting ãngãbaŋa
stalking låkeguso
strike ntãbu
swallow žongijo
swift pambenge
thrush ndångitå
vulture uzenge
walking zamoLi
watching saŋki
wildcat lushu
ŋgo
jãlåŋgu
nejushu
nqižaqi
gãjãnda
?mpågo
ŋmbishi
sha
himpåjohu
gožåzi
ŋigu
ndigã
jãpe
?eDHLãmbãng'ke
enduke
DHLuNqu
iŋgånte
zãNqaqu
Nisitu
zešuGondo